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Operant conditioning: Schedules of reinforcement | Behavior | MCAT | Khan Academy



Created by Jeffrey Walsh.

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41 thoughts on “Operant conditioning: Schedules of reinforcement | Behavior | MCAT | Khan Academy
  1. I have no feet and I must scream!
    (But I put on a smirky smile instead)

    I think your examples are inconsistent. Why did the condition change from selling cars to talking to customers? You should use accurately the same conditions in every model for the examples to be consistent.

  2. Jeffrey, thanks for the extremely helpful videos. Without wishing to offend, I'd like to point out something you do. Apparently, you haven't been adequately reinforced on the difference between 'number' and 'amount'. Incidentally, I accept the grammar rule only because it makes logical sense. For objects that can be counted, the term to refer to the quantity is 'number'; whereas, for objects that are not separable, and therefore not countable, the term is 'amount'. Whenever the object ends in an 's', the term 'number' is the appropriate one to use. I notice that you've used 'number' (standard) for the quantity of cars but 'amount' (nonstandard) for the quantity of responses.

    Since responses are separable into individual responses and can be counted 'response 1', 'response 2', 'response 3', etc., the term according to the standard grammar is 'number'. Think about how illogical it is to use the phrase "amount of responses" the way you'd use "amount of milk", and likewise how illogical to speak of "a number of water". The only way in which we might satisfy those calling themselves "descriptive grammarians" and "accept how people actually speak the language" would be to eliminate the word 'number' or accept 'number' and 'amount' as equivalent, the latter option resulting in redundancy. Accepting the first option, we might then speak of pi as an "amount that indicates the ratio of the amount of diameters to the amount of units in a circle" or of the "natural amount system of integers" or some such nonsense.

  3. this video broke down the meanings of fixed Ratio, Fixed interval, Variable Ratio and Variable interval. Fixed Ratio is pretty much when a response is reinforced only after a specified number of responses. Fixed interval pretty much means being rewarded only after a specified amount of time has elapsed. Variable Ratio is reinforce after an unpredictable number of responses and Variable Interval is an inconsistent schedule (slot machine)

  4. Your example of a fixed-interval schedule is incorrect. In a fixed interval schedule, a fixed amount of time has to pass (in this case two weeks) AND THEN a response has to occur in order for reinforcement to be delivered. The amount of behaviour during that two-weeks time has no effect on whether the reinforcer is delivered. It is depended on time and then a response after the time. For this example to be true, the salesman would need to sell a car after the two weeks has passed in order to receive his paycheck. OR you could rectify this example by just using the paycheck without the cars being sold. Two weeks has to pass by, at the end of the two weeks, the paycheck becomes available at his/her place of employment. The behaviour is them picking up their check, but their paycheck will be in their hands after they pick it up and they can pick up the paycheck at any point after the two weeks. They can try to pick up their paycheck after 1 week, 9 days, 10 days, or 13 days, but the paycheck will not be given to them and these attempts do not alter whether the paycheck will be available.

  5. I've learned this several times over 2 years of a psych degree and it hasn't fully sunk in.

    My learning is set at a variable ratio level. If I keep attempting to learn, eventually I will hit the jackpot and the knowledge will remain in my head.

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